Ingredients: Boulder Balm is made with chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla), marshmallow root (Althea officinalis), and locally harvested mullein (Verbascum thapsus) infused hemp seed oil (Cannabis sativa). We add handcraft rosehip (Rosa ssp.), comfrey (Symphytum officinale), and calendula (Calendula officinalis) extracts and combine it with healing arnica butter (Arnica montana), hydrating avocado butter (Persea americana), and soothing cocoa butter (Theobroma cacao). We make our own cedar essential oil by steam distilling local incense cedar (Calocedrus decurrens), and combine it with ylang-ylang, palmarosa, and myrrh resin. The foresty blend of essential oils and rich healing, soothing herbs, and butter is ideal for repairing the hands, feet, or just about anywhere that needs some serious attention.

Main beneficial properties: anti-inflammatory, healing, antimicrobial, antiseptic, analgesic, soothing.

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FULL RESEARCH 

MULLEIN

Mullein - Figwort family (Varbascum thapsus - Scrophulariaceae) 

For Boulder Balm, we harvested local mullein and infuse it with cold-pressed hemp seed oil. When taken internally, mullein is a powerhouse for the respiratory system. Topically, mullein is used to soften and protect the skin and is excellent for all sorts of skin conditions including painful ones.  The anti-inflammatory nature of this fuzzy leaved plant is bioavailable thanks to the polyphenols (antioxidants), iridoids, and pain-relieving saponins. Also, research has shown mullein to be antibacterial, sedative, narcotic, antiseptic, antiviral, with emollient and demulcent properties. Traditionally, tribes used mullein for pain, wounds, bruisings, or swellings, and during sweat baths. Dried mullein leaves have smoked for relaxation and respiratory conditions for thousands of years. 

Other products that contain mullein - New, unreleased product, coming soon! 

CHAMOMILE

Chamomile - Daisy family (Matriacaria recutita -   Compositae) 

Chamomile is one of the earliest recorded medicinal herbs, used both topically and internally when a calming and relaxing intervention is needed. Internally, this white flower commonly found in tea is used for neurological complaints, mood, and sleep complaints.  Due to the calming nature, chamomile is useful for agitated, inflamed skin, wounds, blisters, and cuts as well as irritating skin conditions.  Research has demonstrated skin regeneration through antioxidative activities. Known for its spasmolytic, sedative, anxiolytic, antiseptic, and anti-inflammatory actions, chamomile contains flavonoids, coumarins, and terpenes, notably, azulenes which attribute to the blue color the essential oil produces as well as the wound healing, anti-inflammatory effects. 

MARSHMALLOW ROOT

Marshmallow root - Mallow family (Althea officinalis - Malvaceae) 

Marshmallow root is more than just a culinary flavoring, this plant is an emollient with an affinity for soothing and relieving the skin including rough skin, burns, irritation, and/or swollen joints. Marshmallow root is another plant that is used internally for respiratory and gastrointestinal complaints. High in compounds like mucilage that attribute to the soothing effects both internally and topically. The anti-inflammatory effects are related back to the flavonoids present. In the lab, marshmallow root inhibited inflammation by 41-78% in acute cases, and by 52%-68% of chronic inflammation. 

CALENDULA

Calendula - Daisy family (Calendula officinalis - Asteraceae)  

Calendula is a bright yellow flower native to the Mediterranean countries. It was first brought to America by colonists who used this herb for protection. Now it is one of the most common and widespread medicinal plants around the world. The petals are edible and can be added to salads for a color pop with some useful therapeutic benefits. When cooked and added to rice or similar foods, it is known to change the pigment toward yellow. The flower has a wide range of therapeutic uses both internally and topically. 

In Ayurvedic medicine, calendula is cooling, bitter, and pungent.  In Traditional Chinese Medicine, the flower is neutral and drying.  Calendula is associated with the sun and fire element.  Historically, calendula was used as an astringent and anti-inflammatory agent integrated similarly to saffron (the most expensive spice in the world). Calendula was used to increase perspiration (fever & flu), to treat jaundice (liver dysfunction), stomach ulcers, during menses, inflammatory eye and skin conditions (wounds, sores, burns, cuts, minor infection, etc.). Calendula was ornamentally and strategically placed to ward off evil energy and infectious disease. The pigment was used for products, from clothing dye to cheese. 

Since the 80s, calendula has shown to be beneficial on tissue regeneration and epithelial tissue development.  Today, triterpenes are applauded for anti-inflammatory capabilities.  The European Union has declared that calendula flower has oromucosal and cutaneous benefits with anti-inflammatory, astringent, immuno-stimulant, antiviral, antibacterial, anti-fungal, and vulnerary actions. 

Other products that contain calendula : Bearly There

ROSEHIP

Rosehip - Rose family (Rosa ssp. - Rosaceae) 

Rosehips are established as well-known as an anti-aging, skin healer. Aging can be attributed to time, lifestyle choices, and excessive UV exposure. With antiseptic, antimicrobial, and antioxidative properties, rosehips hydrate skin, regulate oil, are healing for hyperpigmentation, inflammation, skin blemishes, and scarring. Hydrophilic compounds such as ascorbic acid, fatty acids, quercetin, kaempferol, flavonoids, vitamin C, and other polyphenolic compounds have demonstrated strong antioxidant activity, reducing tissue damage. Recent research has shown rosehip to be beneficial for painful conditions.

Other products that contain rosehips : Mindful Mist

 COMFREY

Comfrey - Borage family (Symphytum officinale - Boraginaceae)

Comfrey comes from the Latin word confirma, meaning to heal or unite. By no accident, this root is a true powerhouse for skin ailments. Consistent studies indicate comfrey to be useful for anything from bruises and sunburns to insect bites and sprains, strains, and swellings, or the pain that comes with these common human happenings. One of the bioactive compounds in comfrey is allantoin, a compound that speeds up the regeneration of damaged tissue. Other compounds include carotene, asparagine & mucilage (healing), tannin (astringent), rosmarinic acid (antioxidant), alkaloids, and inulin. Together these compounds promote anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, astringent, emollient, tonic, and vulnerary (wound healing) actions when used topically. Actually, comfrey is so easy to grow, it can easily become invasive if grown in a home garden.

References

American College of Healthcare Sciences. (2018). Comfrey Monograph.

Cohen, M. (2012). Rosehip: An evidence based herbal medicine for inflammation and arthritis. Australian Family Physician.

Essential Oil and Aromatherapy Experts. (2020). Rosehip benefits, uses for face, skin, hair, and where to buy.

European Medicines Agency. (2018). European Union Herbal Monograph on Calendula officinalis L., flos.

Garcia, G., Tissandié, L., Filippi, J., & Tomi, F. (2017). New Pinane Derivatives Found in Essential Oils of Calocedrus decurrens. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 22(6), 921.

Ibrahim, T. A., El-Hela, A. A., El-Hefnawy, H. M., Al-Taweel, A. M., & Perveen, S. (2017). Chemical composition and antimicrobial activities of essential oils of some coniferous plants cultivated in Egypt. Iranian journal of pharmaceutical research : IJPR, 16(1), 328–337

Marmol, I., Sanchez-de-Diego, C., Jimenez-Moreno, N. Ancin-Azpilicueta, C. Rodriguez-Yoldi, M. (2017). Therapeutic applications of rosehips from different Rosa species. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 18(6), 1137

Michalun, N., & Michalun, M. (2001). Skincare & Cosmetic Ingredients Dictionary 2nd Ed. Thomas Learning. ISBN:1562636605

Native American Ethnobotanical Database. (2020). Incense-cedar (Calocedrus decurrens).

Natural Medicines Database. (2020). Mullein; Chamomile, Marshmallow root: Professional Monographs.

Panchal, M., Murti, K., & Lambole, V. (2010). Pharmacological properties of verbascum thapsus- a review. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. 5(2).

Tabassum, N., & Hamdani, M. (2014). Plants used to treat skin diseases. Pharmacognosy reviews, 8(15), 52–60.

Ulbricht, C. (2010). Natural Standard: Herb and Supplement Guide. Mosby: Elsevier. ISBN 978-0-323-07295-3

U.S. Forest Service. (2015). Calocedrus decurrens: Fire effects information system (FEIS).

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Ingredients: We make our own *cedar floral water (a.k.a. hydrosol or hydroflorates) by steam distilling local incense cedar (Calocedrus decurrens). We add handcraft rosehip (Rosa ssp.), comfrey (Symphytum officinale), and calendula (Calendula officinalis) extracts and combine them with healing aloe (Aloe vera) and hydrating vegetable glycerin with skin toning witch hazel (Hamamelis virginiana) and willow bark (Salix alba) extracts. The floral blend of energy clearing geranium and rosewood, with energizing peppermint and tea tree is a divine combination to help you find your happy place. 

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FULL RESEARCH

Incense-cedar

 Incense-cedar - Cypress family (Calocedrus decurrens - Cuppresaceae)

We make our own *cedar floral water (a.k.a. hydrosol or hydroflorates) by steam distilling local incense cedar. This aromatic California native grows in Sierra Nevadas at elevations up to 7,000 feet. Like many coniferous trees, incense-cedar is known to have astringent, antiseptic, antispasmodic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, tonic, and antimicrobial activities on the skin. In alternative medicine, incense-cedar is used for coughs and colds, congestion, as a disinfectant, stimulant, and for muscle pain. Native Americans used incense-cedar as a steam bath or inhalant for colds. Today the therapeutic benefits are attributed to the bioactive compounds pinene, myrcene, carene, limonene, and terpinolene. 

Comfrey

Comfrey - Borage family (Symphytum officinale - Boraginaceae)

Comfrey comes from the Latin word confirma, meaning to heal or unite. By no accident, this root is a true powerhouse for skin ailments. Consistent studies indicate comfrey to be useful for anything from bruises and sunburns to insect bites and sprains, strains, and swellings, or the pain that comes with these common human happenings. One of the bioactive compounds in comfrey is allantoin, a compound that speeds up the regeneration of damaged tissue. Other compounds include carotene, asparagine & mucilage (healing), tannin (astringent), rosmarinic acid (antioxidant), alkaloids, and inulin. Together these compounds promote anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, astringent, emollient, tonic, and vulnerary (wound healing) actions when used topically. Actually, comfrey is so easy to grow, it can easily become invasive if grown in a home garden.

Calendula

Calendula - Daisy family (Calendula officinalis - Asteraceae)  

Calendula is a bright yellow flower native to the Mediterranean countries. It was first brought to America by colonists who used this herb for protection. Now it is one of the most common and widespread medicinal plants around the world. The petals are edible and can be added to salads for a color pop with some useful therapeutic benefits. When cooked and added to rice or similar foods, it is known to change the pigment toward yellow. The flower has a wide range of therapeutic uses both internally and topically. 

In Ayurvedic medicine, calendula is cooling, bitter, and pungent.  In Traditional Chinese Medicine, the flower is neutral and drying.  Calendula is associated with the sun and fire element.  Historically, calendula was used as an astringent and anti-inflammatory agent integrated similarly to saffron (the most expensive spice in the world). Calendula was used to increase perspiration (fever & flu), to treat jaundice (liver dysfunction), stomach ulcers, during menses, inflammatory eye and skin conditions (wounds, sores, burns, cuts, minor infection, etc.). Calendula was ornamentally and strategically placed to ward off evil energy and infectious disease. The pigment was used for products, from clothing dye to cheese. 

Since the 80s, calendula has shown to be beneficial on tissue regeneration and epithelial tissue development.  Today, triterpenes are applauded for anti-inflammatory capabilities.  The European Union has declared that calendula flower has oromucosal and cutaneous benefits with anti-inflammatory, astringent, immuno-stimulant, antiviral, antibacterial, anti-fungal, and vulnerary actions. 

Rosehip

Rosehip - Rose family (Rosa ssp. - Rosaceae) 

Rosehips are established as well-known as an anti-aging, skin healer. Aging can be attributed to time, lifestyle choices, and excessive UV exposure. With antiseptic, antimicrobial, and antioxidative properties, rosehips hydrate skin, regulate oil, are healing for hyperpigmentation, inflammation, skin blemishes, and scarring. Hydrophilic compounds such as ascorbic acid, fatty acids, quercetin, kaempferol, flavonoids, vitamin C, and other polyphenolic compounds have demonstrated strong antioxidant activity, reducing tissue damage. Recent research has shown rosehip to be beneficial for painful conditions.

Aloe

Aloe - Succulent family (Aloe vera - Asphodelaceae) 

Aloe has been shown to supply moisture directly to tissues and produce a relaxing and cooling effect, making it the most sought after herb for sunburns and skin healing. Aloe grows in hot, dry climates like cactuses and succulents. In the United States, aloe is cultivated in Florida, Texas, and Arizona. Aloe has hydrating, softening, healing, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory properties for a variety of skin conditions. Aloe has been shown to supply moisture directly to tissues and produce a relaxing and cooling effect. 

Witch hazel

Witch hazel - Witch hazel family (Hamamelis virginiana - Hamamelidaceae) 

Witch hazel, the hydrosol extract of the (Hamamelis virginiana) plant, can be found in just about any market thanks to the FDA approval as an over-the-counter astringent. Witch hazel is a shrub/small tree native to the East Coast of America that has been used as an astringent due to the high tannin content to treat inflammation and swelling. Witch hazel is approved for minor skin injuries, bruises, and sprains.  Since the 90s, witch hazel has been shown to be effective against sunburns and inflammation caused by UV-damage. Witch hazel leaf contains tannins, antioxidants, flavonoids, and essential oils and is most commonly used as a face toner. 

Willow bark

Willow bark - Willow family (Salix alba - Salicaceae)

The medicinal uses of willow bark have their origins in Greek medicine. In the Middle Ages, this shrub was used to reduce fevers, relieve pain, and inflammation. In the 1800s, glycosidic compounds and salicylates were identified as the catalysts for the potent benefits. In fact, salicylic acid was first found in meadowsweet, then used to derive the popular drug, aspirin. Today, willow bark is used as an antioxidant, tonic, and astringent for a variety of dermal conditions. 

Mindful Mist is the perfect botanical remedy to add to your breathwork, meditation, yoga practice, or workout. Spray directly on to your face, body, or around your space to utilize this healing, energizing, and centering remedy. With antimicrobial, toning, antioxidant, and regenerative herbal powerhouses for skincare, mixed with cooling and relaxing floral aromatherapy, you can heal your skin and ease your mind with one spray. Science shows antimicrobial, toning, antioxidant, regenerative, relieving, healing, cooling, and relaxing properties of the flowers and plants in the formula.

References

American Botanical Council. (2000). Herbal Medicine Expanded Commission E: Witch Hazel Leaf & Bark.

American Botanical Council. (2000). Herbal Medicine Expanded Commission E: Willow Bark.

American College of Healthcare Sciences. (2018). Comfrey Monograph.

Cohen, M. (2012). Rosehip: An evidence based herbal medicine for inflammation and arthritis. Australian Family Physician.

Essential Oil and Aromatherapy Experts. (2020). Rosehip benefits, uses for face, skin, hair, and where to buy.

European Medicines Agency. (2018). European Union Herbal Monograph on Calendula officinalis L., flos. 

Garcia, G., Tissandié, L., Filippi, J., & Tomi, F. (2017). New Pinane Derivatives Found in Essential Oils of Calocedrus decurrens. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 22(6), 921.

Ibrahim, T. A., El-Hela, A. A., El-Hefnawy, H. M., Al-Taweel, A. M., & Perveen, S. (2017). Chemical composition and antimicrobial activities of essential oils of some coniferous plants cultivated in Egypt. Iranian journal of pharmaceutical research : IJPR, 16(1), 328–337

Marmol, I., Sanchez-de-Diego, C., Jimenez-Moreno, N. Ancin-Azpilicueta, C. Rodriguez-Yoldi, M. (2017). Therapeutic applications of rosehips from different Rosa species. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 18(6), 1137

Michalun, N., & Michalun, M. (2001). Skincare & Cosmetic Ingredients Dictionary 2nd Ed. Thomas Learning. ISBN:1562636605

Native American Ethnobotanical Database. (2020). Incense-cedar (Calocedrus decurrens).

Natural Medicines Database. (2020). Aloe.

Ulbricht, C. (2010). Natural Standard: Herb and Supplement Guide. Mosby : Elsevier. ISBN 978-0-323-07295-3

U.S. Forest Service. (2015). Calocedrus decurrens: Fire effects information system (FEIS).

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Ingredients: The combination of nut and seed oils includes sweet almond oil (Oleum amygdalae), grape seed oil (Vitis vinifera), hemp oil (Cannabis sativa), and avocado oil (Persea americana). Healing herbs including handcrafted echinacea (Echinacea purpurea), calendula (Calendula officinalis), and self-heal (Prunella vulgaris) extracts. Lastly, Bearly There contains the warm and cozy forest aroma of ylang-ylang (Cananga odorata), frankincense (Boswellia serrata), clove (Syzygium aromaticum), and our own harvested and distilled juniper berry (Juniperus) essential oil.

Oil blend Lightweight and hydrating blend of sweet almond, grape seed oil, hemp oil, and avocado oil. Vitamin E essential antioxidant for the skin.

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FULL RESEARCH

Echinacea

Echinacea - Daisy family (Echinacea purpurea - Asteraceae) 

Echinacea is a well-known herb with immune-modulatory, anti-inflammatory, vulnerary, anti-infectious, and skin healing properties. The International Journal of Cosmetic Science (2010) evaluated the effects of echinacea on the skin.  Results showed that after one month of topical application, echinacea protected against oxidative stress, reduced wrinkles, and improved skin hydration. In Canada, researchers from the Journal of Phytotherapy Research (2010) found echinacea to be useful for acne and inflamed follicles due to its antibacterial and anti-inflammatory actions on the skin. 

Self-heal

Self-heal - Mint family (Prunella Vulgaris - Lamiaceae)

Self-heal, also known as “heal all,” has been used for thousands of years as a multi-purpose herbal remedy.  This purple flowering member of the mint family is used as a purifying and healing herb for topical and internal use. Self-heal is an edible flower that can be cooked and eaten, used as a tea, essential oil, or in skincare. Although aging is unavoidable, environmental factors, genetic makeup, dietary and lifestyle habits are great influencers on how your skin will age. Your daily skin and health care regime are important lifestyle habits to maintain the integrity of your skin. Normal aging causes fine, and pale wrinkles; photo-damage causes more coarse wrinkles and skin roughness.

Throughout history, P. vulgaris has been used for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. In the last year or two, multiple studies confirmed the skin protective and anti-aging effects of this herbal powerhouse.  In a study conducted by the Journal of Rejuvenation Research (2018), researchers found self-heal to be protective against inflammation and UV damage. Results showed enhanced collagen synthesis, reduced radical oxygen species (ROS) associated with photo-aging. This is especially important to us outdoor enthusiasts since we are at a higher risk of UV irradiation, which causes skin damage, inflammation, wrinkles, oxidative and cellular damage. Self-heal was able to reduce hormones (glucocorticoid hormones such as hydrocortisone or cortisol) associated with age, stress, and declining skin structure. Excessive GH has been shown to reduce skin integrity (thinning and flattening of cells) and reduced collagen content (Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine, 2018).

Calendula 

Calendula - Daisy family (Calendula officinalis - Asteraceae)

Calendula is a bright yellow flower native to the Mediterranean countries. It was first brought to America by colonists who used this herb for protection (spiritually and physically). Now it is one of the most common and widespread medicinal plants around the world. It typically blooms with the beginning of summer and is commonly associated with the new moon. Calendula can also be referred to as marigold but it is different than the common garden marigold, which is of the Tagetes species. The petals are edible and can be added to salads for a color pop with some useful therapeutic benefits. When cooked and added to rice or similar foods, it is known to change the pigment toward yellow. The flower has a wide range of therapeutic uses both internally and topically. 

In Ayurvedic medicine, calendula is cooling, bitter, and pungent. In Traditional Chinese Medicine, the flower is neutral and drying.  Calendula is associated with the sun and fire element. Historically, calendula was used as an astringent and anti-inflammatory agent integrated similarly to saffron (the most expensive spice in the world). Calendula was used to increase perspiration (fever & flu), to treat jaundice (liver dysfunction), stomach ulcers, during menses, inflammatory eye and skin conditions (wounds, sores, burns, cuts, minor infection). Calendula was ornamentally and strategically placed to ward off evil energy and infectious disease. The pigment was used for products, from clothing dye to cheese. 

Since the 80s, calendula had a beneficial effect on tissue regeneration and epithelial tissue development.  Today, triterpenes are applauded for anti-inflammatory capabilities. The European Union has declared that calendula flower has oromucosal and cutaneous benefits with anti-inflammatory, astringent, immuno-stimulant, antiviral, antibacterial, anti-fungal, and vulnerary actions. 

Ylang Ylang 

Ylang ylang - Souprsop family (Cananga odorata - Annonaceae) 

Ylang ylang is considered a tonic for the heart and a relaxant for the nervous system.  Fresh, floral, and fruity, ylang ylang essential oil is most commonly used in aromatherapy to improve mood and cognitive function. This flower is used as a sedative, antiseptic, and as an aphrodisiac (in Indonesia they spread ylang ylang flowers on the beds of newlyweds). A study was conducted to evaluate the effects of transdermal absorption by assessing physiological parameters (temperature, pulse, breathing, and blood pressure). The people involved in the study found themselves calmer and more relaxed than those in the control group. Many other studies over the last 13 years have shown consistent results (American Botanical Council, 2007; Hongratanaworakit & Buchbauer, 2006). Since 2006, researchers found ylang ylang to have antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, skin healing activities. Traditional uses range from asthma treatment to sexual anxiety, headaches, infections to itchy skin.  Ylang ylang contains germacrene, caryophyllene, geranyl acetate, benzyl benzoate, linalool and trace amounts of others (Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine, 2015; Han, Beaumont, & Stevens, 2017).

Frankincense 

Frankincense - Torchwoods family (Boswellia serrata - Burseraceae)

The use of frankincense dates back thousands of years. Frankincense was used for rejuvenation in ancient Egypt in facial masks, makeup, and salves for rejuvenation (American Botanical Council, 2010).  It was used during ancient rituals and ceremonies, integrated into ancient medicine like Traditional Chinese and Ayurveda, during the Roman and Greek empires, and in religious texts as in Christianity and Judaism (Cohen, 2019). Frankincense is the sap or resin harvested from the tree trunks of B. carteri trees. The resin can be distilled into therapeutic essential oils. Frankincense is known most commonly for its neurological benefits, reducing pain, and improving the condition of the skin. Preliminary studies suggest using .5% Boswellia face cream significantly reduced fine surface lines, roughness, and photo-aging scores compared to baseline. Clinically, this tree resin has shown to improve painful conditions (47% reduction) and decrease stiffness. Studies show frankincense can be useful for headaches, aging skin, acne, and bruises though more consistent research is needed (Natural Medicines Database, 2019).  The oil has been shown to help slow the breathing and calm the mind, allowing more oxygen to be taken in the body (American Botanical Council, 2010). 

Clove

Clove - Myrtle family (Syzygium aromaticum - Myrtaceae)

Cloves come from an evergreen tree in the Indonesian islands. Cloves are formed as the flowers mature. Cloves are used in tobacco products, essential oil, as a culinary spice, and tea (Chai). Applied topically, clove has a numbing, anesthetic quality due to the potent eugenol content. In fact, clove oil has been used in dental procedures at one-fifth of the cost of conventional anesthetics. Clove has been shown to have antimicrobial effects on the skin.  Clove has also been used as a mild aphrodisiac, for nausea, and poor circulation (Natural Medicines Database, 2019). According to Pharmaceutical biology (2017), clove was shown to have antioxidant, tissue-remodeling, and anti-inflammatory properties with the ability to improve the cell cycle and cellular stress responses accredited it to eugenol. 

Juniper Berry 

Juniper - Cypress family (Juniperus - Cupressaceae)

The star local plant of this product, Juniper was considered sacred by indigenous people (American Botanical Council, 2003).   In European countries, the bark is burned in hospital rooms to purify the air (NMD, 2019). According to the American Botanical Council (2003), juniper berries were used in baths as early as 1311 as an anti-inflammatory for itchy skin and allergic reactions. By the 15th century, juniper berry was also used as antibacterial for treating infectious wounds. Externally juniper berry is used as an analgesic, antiseptic, antispasmodic, antimicrobial, expectorant, rubefacient, stimulant, astringent, styptic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and sedative. As a wilderness medicine, crushed berries can be applied as a poultice for infections and wounds, swollen joints, and sore muscles. Juniper has also been shown to be useful outdoors as an insect repellent (ACHS, 2018). The aromatics are useful for respiratory conditions and headaches (American Botanical Council, 2003).

To see the full Juniper berry monograph go here 

CBD

Our skin has an entire system dedicated to utilizing CBD, the endocannabinoid system.  Our skin recognizes CBD and involves a sequence of receptors to regulate the skin cells.  Medical studies demonstrate that CBD increases cellular strength, growth, and differentiation. This allows increases immunity, reduces inflammation, and provides antioxidants to treat all sorts of skin conditions.

Bearly There is a lightweight, daily, all-in-one skin cleanser and hydrator. Apply to your skin, hair, beard, cuticles, or just about anywhere on your body that needs some love. Bearly There contains a lightweight and hydrating blend of seed and nut oils infused with handmade herbal extracts. This time, we harvested and distilled local Juniper berries to create the cozy Tahoe forest aroma, combined with the warm and soulful frankincense, ylang ylang, and clove essential oils. Science shows healing, hydrating, anti-aging, uv-protective, antimicrobial, mood enhancing, circulatory, and anti-inflammatory properties of the flowers, plants, and berries in the formula.

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References

American Botanical Council. (2018). Calendula Flower: Expanded Commission E.

American Botanical Council. (2010). Frankincense [HerbClipNews].

American Botanical Council. (2007). Ylang Ylang - the flower of flowers [HerbClip]

Cohen, J. (2019). A wise man’s cure: Frankincense and Myrrh.

European Medicines Agency. (2018). European Union Herbal Monograph on Calendula officinalis L., flos.

Han, X., Beaumont, C., & Stevens, N. (2017). Chemical composition analysis and in vitro biological activities of ten essential oils in human skin cells. Biochimie open, 5, 1–7. doi:10.1016/j.biopen.2017.04.001

Han, X., & Parker, T. (2017). Anti-inflammatory activity of clove (Eugenia caryophyllata) essential oil in human dermal fibroblasts. Pharmaceutical biology, 55(1), 1619–1622. doi:10.1080/13880209.2017.1314513

Hongratanaworakit, T. & Buchbauer, G. (2006). Relaxing effect of ylang ylang oil on humans after transdermal absorption. Phytotherapy Research. doi.org/10.1002/ptr.1950

Natural Medicines Database. (2019). Boswellia [professional monograph].

Natural Medicines Database. (2019). Clove oil [professional monograph].

Natural Medicines Database. (2019). Ylang Ylang oil [professional monograph].

Roh, K., Park, D., & Jung, E. (2018). Inhibitory Effects of Prunella vulgaris L. Extract on 11β-HSD1 in Human Skin Cells. Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM, 2018, 1762478. doi:10.1155/2018/1762478

Sharma, M., Schoop, R., Suter, A., & Hudson, J. (2010). The potential use of Echinacea in acne: a control of Propionibacterium acnes growth and inflammation. Phytotherapy Research, 25(4), doi.org/10.1002/ptr.3288

Tan, L., Lee, L., Yin, W., Chan, C., Abdul Kadir, H., Chan, K., & Goh, B. (2015). Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry, and Bioactivities of Cananga odorata (Ylang-Ylang). Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM, 2015, 896314. doi:10.1155/2015/896314

Thompson, K. (2019). Calendula Monograph [Herb Rally].

Yotsawimonwat, J., Rattandechsakul, P., Rattandechsakul, S. (2010). Skin improvement and stability of Echinacea purpurea dermatological formulations. International Journal of Cosmetic Science. 32(5), doi: 10.1111/j.1468-2494.2009.00559

Zhang, M., Hwang, E., Lin, P., Gao, W., Ngo, H., & Yi, T. H. (2018). Prunella vulgaris L. Exerts a Protective Effect Against Extrinsic Aging Through NF-κB, MAPKs, AP-1, and TGF-β/Smad Signaling Pathways in UVB-Aged Normal Human Dermal Fibroblasts. Rejuvenation research, 21(4), 313–322. doi:10.1089/rej.2017.1971

• To reduce damage, pain, and stiffness after strenuous physical activity, it is important to take appropriate measures before aerobic activity including warming up and stretching.

• Applying heat therapy will increase blood flow and muscle flexibility, this can be done by applying a heat pack, taking an herbal bath, checking out a new hot spring, or using the sauna at your local gym.

• Cold therapy will numb the pain and reduce inflammation, this can be done by using an ice pack, cryotherapy, or (some might say) a jump in the lake.

• Introduce rest and relaxation techniques such as yoga, meditation, reading a book, taking a bath, or low-impact forest therapy.

• Whey protein, fish oil, isoflavones, glutamine, l-carnitine, antioxidants, vitamins, and branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) have shown positive results in athletes.

• Ginseng (P. ginseng), eleuthero (E. radix), and green tea extract (GTE) are plant-based therapeutics that have been shown to improve energy and endurance in athletes.

• Bindii (T. terrestris) and cordyceps mushrooms (C. sinensis) have been studied and utilized for post-exercise recovery.

• For possible prevention of delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS), which typically occurs 8-24 after a work-out and peaks after 24-48 hours, saffron (C. sativus), turmeric (C. longa), and cinnamon (Cinnamomum ssp.) have shown significant results in reducing inflammation, boosting antioxidants, and circulatory properties.

• Ashwagandha (W. somnifera) is an adaptogenic herb that not has mood-enhancing benefits, but it has been investigated for its ability to reduce the stress associated with athletic performance.

• Taking two capsules of a combination of Boswellia 100 mg, ashwagandha 450 mg, turmeric 50 mg, and zinc complex 50 mg (Articulin-F) three times daily.

To reduce damage, pain, and stiffness after strenuous physical activity, it is important to take appropriate measures before aerobic activity including warming up and stretching.  Applying heat therapy will increase blood flow and muscle flexibility, this can be done by applying a heat pack, taking an herbal bath, checking out a new hot spring, or using the sauna at your local gym. Cold therapy will numb the pain and reduce inflammation, this can be done by using an ice pack, cryotherapy, or (some might say) a jump in the lake. Whey protein, fish oil, isoflavones, glutamine, l-carnitine, antioxidants, vitamins, and branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) have shown positive results in athletes.  Beyond these (and rest and relaxation techniques), re Ginseng (P. ginseng), eleuthero (E. radix), and green tea extract (GTE) are plant-based therapeutics that have been shown to improve energy and endurance in athletes. Bindii (T. terrestris) and cordyceps mushrooms (C. sinensis) have been studied and utilized for post-exercise recovery. For possible prevention of delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS), which typically occurs 8-24 after a work-out and peaks after 24-48 hours, saffron (C. sativus), turmeric (C. longa) , and cinnamon (Cinnamomum ssp.) have shown significant results in reducing inflammation, boosting antioxidants, and circulatory properties. Ashwagandha (W. somnifera) is an adaptogenic herb that not has mood-enhancing benefits, but it has been investigated for its ability to reduce the stress associated with athletic performance.

Introduction

During vigorous activity, glucose (from blood and glycogen stored in muscle) is used to produce adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the energy source for muscle movement.  The metabolized glucose creates an accumulation of lactic acid, which is responsible for the uncomfortable downside to exercise, muscle soreness and fatigue. Strenuous activity is associated with temporary musculoskeletal pain including; joint pain, muscle stiffness, cramps, and fatigue (Marieb & Hoehn, 2018). In addition, Meamarbashi (2017) indicated the inflammatory mediators (thromboxanes, prostaglandins, and leukotrienes) via cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase pathways attribute to pain and swelling post-exercise.  Muscle pain goes away as circulation increases and lactic acid and inflammatory cytokines are removed from the blood. To reduce damage, pain, and stiffness, it is important to take appropriate measures before aerobic activity including warming up and stretching (Marieb & Hoehn, 2018). Other techniques include using heat therapy to increase blood flow and flexibility (heat pack, bath, hot spring, and sauna), cold therapy for numbing pain and reducing inflammation (ice pack and cryotherapy), rest, relaxation techniques, and compression (Hoffman, 2003). 

Beyond basic techniques, over-the-counter drugs such as acetaminophen and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as Tylenol & Ibuprofen, are used to alleviate painful musculoskeletal symptoms.  However, studies show that these drugs have potentially harmful consequences and are responsible for 9,000 American deaths each year. Side effects of NSAIDs include; (gastrointestinal) heartburn, dyspepsia, ulcers, stomatitis, (central nervous system) insomnia, dizziness, tinnitus, weakness, (cardiovascular) edema, palpitations, heart failure, (genitourinary) painful urination, bleeding, cystitis.

Current studies indicate the therapeutic benefits of using herbal medicine and essential oils to work with the body process to alleviate post-exercise soreness, without harmful consequences if used correctly (Hoffman, 2003). Clinical and statistical evidence suggests that musculoskeletal relief from plant-based medicine is attributed to their bioactive compounds such as polyphenols, terpenoids, and alkaloids (Sellami et al., 2018).  Oftentimes alternative medicine practitioners look for anti-inflammatory and pain-relieving herbal medicine for the treatment of delayed-onset muscle soreness caused by excessive muscular contractions (via exercise, weightlifting, and sports). Beyond herbal medicine, whey protein, fish oil, isoflavones, caffeine, l-carnitine, antioxidants, vitamins, and branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) have also shown positive results in athletes (Meamarbashi, 2017). 

Energy and endurance

According to Sellami et al. (2018), human clinical trials suggest ginseng (Panax ginseng) to have adaptogenic, anti-fatigue anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, brain function, immunostimulant, blood homeostasis, stress reduction, and as an endurance performance enhancer. Ginseng has an affinity with the central nervous system, with the ability to improve adrenal, and sexual function. 

Ginseng contains vitamins A, B, C, and E, iron, magnesium, potassium, and phosphorus. An alternative to ginseng is eleuthero (Eleutherococci radix) for its strengthening, invigorating, performance-enhancing, and stimulating activities. Maximum beneficial dosage 200mg/day, preferably in the morning. Precautions: taking more than 400mg a day can cause stomach upset or an overactive heartbeat, ginseng should not be taken within hours of sleep, adjust as needed.

Green tea extract (GTE) has been shown to reduce oxidative damage caused by endurance training. The antioxidative and nervous system stimulating effects have been shown to be a healthy and beneficial energy source for athletes (Sellami et al., 2018). 200mg, 1 hour before a workout when extra energy support is needed. Slowly increase dosage as needed, benefits seen as high as 800mg, however, start slow. 

Post-exercise recovery  

Bindii (Tribulus terrestris) is an anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative herb. T. terrestris has been shown to have cardiovascular, prostate, and urinary system benefits. With reported improvements in male libido, muscle growth, and physical fitness. Many Olympians, athletes, and weightlifters commonly use Bindii for performance and recovery (Sellami et al., 2018). Maximum benefit was seen after 5 weeks, at 450mg/day, taking more than 1000mg/day could lead to insomnia and/or fatigue. 

The polysaccharides in cordyceps mushrooms (Cordyceps sinensis) were shown to reduce blood glucose level of hyperglycemic and diabetic mice, regulating the metabolism providing energy, amino acids, and balancing intestinal microbes (Shang et al., 2018).  Cordyceps also has an affinity with the bones, improving bone metabolism and strength (Yu et al., 2018).

Prevention of delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS)

Saffron (Crocus sativus) is a powerful antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antinociceptive (blocks pain stimulus via sensory neurons). Human studies have shown an effect of reducing DOMS symptoms (Meamarbashi, 2017). Standard dosage, 300mg/day. Maximum dosage of 1.5 grams.

Clinically, turmeric (Curcuma longa) has been shown to reduce muscle soreness in humans and significant research indicates that turmeric has highly anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative properties (similar to NSAIDs) taken internally or topically (Meamarbashi, 2017). Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) indicates a reduction of swelling and pain and is useful for even chronic musculoskeletal issues including arthritis (Wichtl, 2004). 1.5-3g/day

Cinnamon (Cinnamomum ssp.) has circulatory, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects due to phenolic and flavonoids (Meamarbashi, 2017). Oral consumption of 420mg/day 7 days prior, and 3 days after exercise has been shown for DOMS.

Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) has been shown to help the body with physical and emotional stress (and stress resistance), reduce pain and inflammation, regulate metabolism, relax smooth muscle, and enhance performance. In an 8-week trial, 57 male participants were blindly separated into placebo and Ashwagandha groups.  The purpose of the study was to investigate the effects of Ashwagandha on muscle strength and recovery; muscle strength and muscle size, serum testosterone levels, and muscle recovery. Results showed an increase in muscle strength, and significantly greater muscle size, reduction of muscle damage, increased testosterone levels, and decreased body fat percentage (Wankhede et al., 2015). Beneficial dosage started at 300mg twice daily.

Our top 5 for herbs, teas, and natural healing.

INGREDIENTS

We infuse *St. John’s Wort (Hypericum perforatum) and *yarrow (Achillea millefolium) in cold-pressed sweet almond oil (Oleum amygdalae) and combine it with shea butter (Vitellaria paradoxa), cocoa butter (Theobroma cacao) and fair trade *beeswax (Cera alba). We use *arnica (Arnica montana), cayenne pepper (Capsaicin annuum), and vitamin E (a-tocopherol) for their bioactive therapeutic properties for musculoskeletal pain relief. Vegetable-sourced emulsifying wax and *arrowroot (Maranta arundinacea) are used for stability. The blend of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis), Tahoe Basin sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata), and lavender (Lavandula angustifolia) makes you feel like you are taking a walk through the desert after the rain.

*Organic ingredients. **Made with local sagebrush essential oil, manufactured and distilled by Tahoe Petrichor.

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Sweet almond oil (Oleum amygdalae) - Rosaceae family

We use a cold pressed 100% pure sweet almond oil. Sweet almond oil is known for reducing inflammation and swelling, making it a worthy vehicle for the Releaf Rollie. Sweet almond oil is a quality, light, and fast absorbing oil that helps immediately draw the beneficial herbs through the skin.  Almonds and almond oil have many properties including anti-inflammatory, immunity-boosting, and anti-hepatotoxicity effects. Shown to be beneficial for dry skin conditions such as psoriasis and eczema. It has been used to soothe and rejuvenate the skin, improve complexion, and skin tone (Ahmad, 2010).  According to the USDA National Nutrient Database, sweet almond oil contains vitamin A, B6, K, & E, riboflavin, niacin, thiamin, pantothenic acid, and folate. In addition, sweet almond oils contain fatty acids (monounsaturated oleic, linoleic, and saturated fatty) that help with inflammation, sun damage, and dehydrated skin.

Shea butter (Vitellaria paradoxa)  - Sapotaceae family

We use raw, unrefined shea butter of the shea tree (Vitellaria paradoxa.  Shea butter is known for its anti-inflammatory skin soothing, and extremely moisturizing butter. In addition to it’s silky and anti-inflammatory qualities, shea butter melts on contact with skin, so the salve rolls on with ease.  According to our supplier and the Journal of Life Sciences (2014), shea butter hosts a number of vitamins for the skin such as vitamin A, E, F, and K, as well as oleic, linoleic, linolenic and arachidonic fatty acids. Shea butter is great for aged, dry, inflamed skin. 

Cocoa butter (Theobroma cacao) - Malvaceae family

We use raw, pure cocoa butter of the cocoa tree (Theobroma cacao). Similar to shea butter, cocoa butter helps provide hydration and healing to dry, irritated skin. Cocoa butter has been shown to improve skin elasticity and collagen production (anti-aging) and skin tone. Cocoa butter is high in antioxidants for the skin due to the polyphenol and flavonoid content. Also bioavailable are stearic acid, palmitic acid, and myristic acid. 

Beeswax (Cera alba) 

We use organic, fair trade, cosmetic grade, premium quality beeswax.  Since 1550 BC Egypt, beeswax has been used to heal bruises, burns, wounds, joint pain, and inflammation. Since many of these uses have been clinically confirmed. More recently, beeswax was shown to have antimicrobial property that acts synergistically in natural products. Beeswax contains hydrocarbons, free fatty acids, di-esters, and exogenous substances and has been shown to possess antibacterial and anti-fungal properties (Fratini, Cilia, Turchi, & Felicioli, 2016).

St. John’s Wort (Hypericum perforatum) - Hypericaceae family

Although St. John’s Wort can be found in Lake Tahoe, populations are small, so we use organic St. John’s Wort to infuse our oils with. While St. John’s Wort (SJW) is one of the most extensively studied herbal remedies, mostly for its experienced therapeutic benefits on depression, the well-established topical benefits are not often discussed.  However, one of the earliest mentions of SJW (23–79 A. D.) included using the herb topically as an astringent for burns. SJW has been [studied for and] used to treat wounds, burns, sunburns, abrasions, bruises, scars, ulcers, sciatica, atopic eczema, rheumatism, lumbago, cramps, decubitus, atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, herpes simplex infections, myalgia, pain, and others. The compounds available in SJW have been shown to have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and antimicrobial activities. In fact, Hypericin is known to be a photo-sensitizer which could have future potential for non-melanoma skin cancer. Nearly 10% of the compounds in SJW are flavonoids (antioxidants). On the other hand, since SJW  is a known photo-sensitizer, photo-toxicity has been experienced, spending extended periods of time in the sun is not advisable. 

Yarrow (Achillea millefolium) - Asteraceae family

We use certified organic aerial parts of flowering yarrow (either local wild-harvested or ethically sourced).  Known as the anti-inflammatory “wound healing” herb is a flowering plant that grows abundantly in a variety of terrains, and specifically found along roads and along mountains in the Reno/Tahoe area. When distilled, the essential oils turn blue! One of the few plants that have this ability. The blue color is a result of a chemical constituent called chamazulene, which has been shown to have anti-inflammatory and wound healing capabilities. According to the Natural Medicines Database (2019) professional monograph, yarrow is used as an anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antispasmodic effects for wounds and painful cramps. Kaempferol, luteolin, and apigenin are of main constituents present in Yarrow. The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of this herb have been attributed to its flavonoid content. Other bioactive components including amino acids, fatty acids, salicylic acids, succinic acid, ascorbic acid, folic acid, and caffeic acid (Ayoobi et al., 2017).

Arnica (Arnica montana) - Asteraceae family 

We use organic arnica extract.  Researchers Cameron & Chrubasik (2013) updated the systematic review of herbal therapeutics for treating osteoarthritis. Topical arnica showed the most effective remedy, showing similar pain-relieving results to the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), ibuprofen. According to the Journal of Pharmacy Pharmacology (2017), arnica had been reported to have antibacterial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antifungal, analgesic, and rubefacient activity. The yellow flower, leaves, and stems are used in a variety of topical products in order to mask pain, promote healing, and improve circulation. In addition, arnica is used to treat nerve and muscular cramps, soreness, and pain. Arnica contains a wide range of chemical compounds including sesquiterpene lactones and their short-chain carbonic acid esters, flavonoids, carotenoids, essential oils, diterpenes, arnidiol, pyrrolizidine alkaloids, coumarins, phenolic acids, lignans, and oligosaccharides. The sesquiterpene lactones in arnica have been shown to significantly reduce inflammation as it passes through the skin easily. A study containing willow bark, St. John’s Wort, and comfrey has been shown to improve musculoskeletal healing. According to the European Journal of Sport Science (2014), researchers set to determine whether topical application of arnica was effective in reducing pain, inflammation, and muscle damage in males experiencing delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS).  The results showed that arnica was able to reduce pain and inflammation after 3 days after the topical application was administered every 4 hours.

Cayenne pepper (Capsaicin annuum) - Solanaceae family

We use a high-quality hot cayenne pepper from a local vendor.  In a study conducted by Chrubasik, Weiser, & Beime (2010), 281 patients were suffering from chronic soft tissue pain were given either a placebo or a cayenne ointment for three weeks.  Pain had decreased by 49% in patients compared to 23% in the placebo group. In a separate double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled multi-center parallel-group study conducted by the Journal of Pain in 2003, evaluated 320 patients with low back pain.  The results were similar in that 42% pain reduction of the group treated with cayenne ointment compared to the 31% of the placebo group. 

Sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata) - Asteraceae family

We distill and use our own Great Basin Sagebrush essential oil using wild harvested, sustainably produced local plants. Sagebrush was used by Native Americans for pain therapy and spiritual purposes.  In Switzerland, the Pharmaceuticals journal (2012) explored the therapeutic use of California sagebrush (A. californica) by applying modern science to native uses of sagebrush. The results found that sagebrush may be useful for joint inflammation, osteoarthritis, muscle strains, broken bones, and pain when administered topically. Pain relieving results (up to 3 hours) have been experienced within 20 minutes of application.  Sagebrush contains sesquiterpenes, alkaloids, flavonoids, and other compounds. Sagebrush essential oil contains camphene, thujone, camphor, borneol, eucalyptol, pinene, carene, and more. These monoterpenes have been shown to inhibit pain sensory neurons (TRP channels) of the skin, brain, and lungs. The flavonoids present have been shown to have anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties by inhibiting T cell proliferation and activation.  In the laboratory, basin sagebrush (A. tridentata) has been found to be a strong antibacterial against antibiotic-resistant bacteria, which means sagebrush essential oil makes for stabilizing microbials and keeping bacteria from spoilage (Nagy & Tengerdy, 1967).  Sagebrush increases it’s polyphenol content (ridentin, apigenin, luteolin, quercetin, aesculetin, coumarin, and scopeltin) during stress (from ultraviolet light, temperatures, infections). It has been recognized by authors, such as Pu et al. (2015), that the naturally occurring polyphenols is attributed to the antioxidant activity of the plant.    In 2019, researchers from Heliyon set out to confirm the microbial and analgesic effects of basin sagebrush and evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of the sesquiterpene lactones present. Researchers highlighted adequate studies confirming the benefits of sagebrush for colds, headaches, topical analgesic, arthritis, strains, bruises, and broken bones, as well as show significant anti-inflammatory activity. 

Rosemary (Rosmarius officinalis) - Lamiaceae family

According to Uritu et al. (2018), rosemary has been shown to have antispasmodic, analgesic, and antirheumatic properties, both internally and topically mainly due to high levels of rosmarinic acid, and pinene. Studies confirm the analgesic properties of rosemary, attributed to the constituents; carnosol, cineole, rosmarinic acid, and caffeic acid. Rubefacients increase localized blood flow and circulation to the skin, which offers a relieving topical remedy; rosemary of the Lamiaceae family have been reported to increase localized circulation. Topical application of rosemary for musculoskeletal pain management. A single-blind, placebo-controlled study involving 105 patients undergoing hemodialysis were separated into rosemary and placebo groups, testing the effectiveness of applying the essential oil to the legs 3 times a day.  Results showed significance in the severity of pain after topical application of the essential oils over the placebo, although little difference between the two. Consistent with many trials, rosemary showed to have a rubefacient and anti-inflammatory effect on factors such as prostaglandins while dilating blood vessels and increasing localized blood flow (Keshavarzian & Shahgholian, 2017).  

Lavender - (Lavandula angustifolia) - Lamiaceae family

Lavender was shown to have a pain inhibitory effect similar to morphine, dexamethasone, and indomethacin (Uritu et al., 2018). In addition, Ghelardini et al., (1999) compared EOs of citrus to lavender and determined the constituents linalyl acetate and linalool to have a drastic reduction of pain in vivo of the localized area.  Numerous in vivo studies confirm internal and external analgesic properties of lavender (Rusinowska & Śmigielski, 2014). 

Vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol)

Vitamin E is a natural antioxidant synthesized by plants that are used commonly in dermatology for its photoprotective (ultraviolet) effects. Researchers Keen & Hassan (2016) evaluated a number of clinical trials in order to show vitamin E can be effective for treating atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, cutaneous ulcers, skin cancer prevention, aging, wound healing (burns, scars), melasma, acne vulgaris, postherpetic neuralgia, and more.  Topically, the antioxidant capacity has shown to synthesize collagen and glycosaminoglycans production on the skin. 

Arrowroot - (Maranta arundinacea) - Marantaceae family

We use organic arrowroot powder. Arrowroot is a natural starch ground from the roots of the M. arundinacea plant. It is a white, odorless, colorless powder (similar to talcum powder) to increase absorption, leaving a soft, silky feel. 

Emulsifying wax 

We use plant-derived emulsifying wax for oil stabilization and integrity. Emulsifying wax improves consistency, and acts as a stabilizer. 

About this product

The releaf rollie contains a combination of raw tree butters, our own medicinal herb infused nut oils, local and therapeutic essential oils. All of the herbs above have been chosen for their synergistic action as a musculoskeletal analgesic remedy. St. John’s Wort and yarrow work on reducing inflammation and relaxing muscles and nerves in the localized area (“ACHS”, 2019). Arnica works to ward off the pain as a localized analgesic (Mills & Bone, 2005). The herbs penetrate into the skin and move through the circulatory system with the assistance of rubefacient herbs such as rosemary, sagebrush, and cayenne pepper (“Stillpoint Aromatics”, 2015).  In addition, cayenne is a potentiating herb that improves the bioavailability of other herbs and beneficial compounds (“ACHS”, 2019). Not only does cayenne strengthen the benefits of other herbs, but cayenne has been shown to desensitize pain stimulus through heat-generating compounds that distract pain sensitivity to the localized area. The action of capsaicin of cayenne acts as a counterirritant, and produces a light pain response, blocking pain receptors to the musculoskeletal system (“ACHS”, 2019; Neustadt, 2008). Salicylates (as in willow bark and meadowsweet), along with capsaicin (cayenne), menthol (peppermint), and camphor (sagebrush), are all considered natural counterirritant topical analgesics, meaning they produce analgesia (pain-relief) by activating and then desensitizing epidermal nociceptors (Barkin, 2013).  Many of these herbs (especially rosemary and sagebrush) have topical antibacterial or antiseptic properties, which helps stabilize the product and reduce the chances of bacterial growth. All of these herbs have beneficial properties for compromised skin, although due to the heat of cayenne pepper, and the compounds in arnica, it is not advisable to use on open wounds (Neustadt, 2008). 

References

ACHS. (2019). St. John’s wort; Yarrow [online lecture]. Retrieved from  https://achs.instructure.com/courses/1177/pages/st-johns-wort?module_item_id=125183

ACHS. (2019). Studies supporting the concept of synergy [online lecture]. Retrieved from https://achs.instructure.com/courses/1389/pages/studies-supporting-the-concept-of-synergy?module_item_id=150047

Adams, J. (2012). The use of California sagebrush (Artemisia californica) liniment to control pain. Pharmaceuticals, 5(10), 1045–1053. DOI:10.3390/ph5101045

Ahmad, Z. (2010). The uses and properties of almond oil. Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice, (16)1, 10-12. DOI:10.1016/j.ctcp.2009.06.015

Ayoobi, F., Shamsizadeh, A., Fatemi, I., Vakilian, A., Allahtavakoli, M., Hassanshahi, G., & Moghadam-Ahmadi, A. (2017). Bio-effectiveness of the main flavonoids of Achillea millefolium in the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative disorders- a review. Iranian journal of basic medical sciences, 20(6), 604–612. DOI:10.22038/IJBMS.2017.8827

Barkin, R. (2013). The Pharmacology of Topical Analgesics. Postgraduate Medicine. 125: 7-18, DOI:10.1080/00325481.2013.1110566911

Cameron, M., & Chrubasik, S. (2013). Topical herbal therapies for treating osteoarthritis. The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 5(5), CD010538. DOI:10.1002/14651858.CD010538

Chrubasik, S., Weiser, T., & Beime, B. (2010). Effectiveness and safety of topical capsaicin cream in the treatment of chronic soft tissue pain. Phytotherapy Research, 24(12):1877-85. DOI:10.1002/ptr.3335

Filomena, P., Luca, F., Ian, H., Matteo, B., Asma, E. M., Angela, F., … & David, A. (2019). Naturally occurring sesquiterpene lactones and their semi-synthetic derivatives modulate PGE2 levels by decreasing COX2 activity and expression. Heliyon, 5(3), e01366. DOI:10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e01366

Fratini, F., Cilia, G., Turchi, B., & Felicioli, A. (2016). Beeswax: A minireview of its antimicrobial activity and its application in medicine. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine, (9)9. 839-843. DOI:10.1016/j.apjtm.2016.07.003.

Frerick, H., Keitel, W., Kuhn, U., Schmidt, S., Bredehorst, A., & Kuhlmann, M. (2003). Topical treatment of chronic low back pain with a capsicum plaster. Journal of Pain, 106(1-2):59-64. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14581111

Ghelardini, C., Galeotti, N., Salvatore, G., & Mazzanti, G. (1999). Local anesthetic Activities of the Essential Oil of Lavandula angustifolia. Planta Medica, 65(8): 700-703. DOI: 10.1055/s-1999-14045

Hammell, D., Zhang, L., Ma, F., Abshire, S., McIlwrath, S., Stinchcomb, A., & Westlund, K. (2016). Transdermal cannabidiol reduces inflammation and pain-related behaviours in a rat model of arthritis. European journal of pain, 20(6), 936–948. DOI:10.1002/ejp.818

Israel, M. (2014). Effects of topical and dietary use of shea butter on animals. American Journal of Life Sciences, 2, 303-307. DOI:10.11648/j.ajls.20140205.18 

Keen, M., & Hassan, I. (2016). Vitamin E in dermatology. Indian dermatology online journal, (4), 311–315. DOI:10.4103/2229-5178.185494

Keshavarzian, S., & Shahgholian, N. (2017). Comparison of the effect of topical application of rosemary and menthol for musculoskeletal pain in hemodialysis patients. Iran Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research, 22(6). DOI:10.4103/ijnmr.IJNMR_163_16 

Kriplani, P., Guarve, K. & Baghael, U. (2017). Arnica montana L. – a plant of healing: review. Journal of Pharmacy Pharmacology, 69: 925-945. DOI:10.1111/jphp.12724

Mills, S., & Bone, K. (2005). The Essential Guide to Herbal Safety. St. Louis, MO: Churchill Livingstone. ISBN: 9780443071713

Nagy, J., & Tengerdy, R. (1967). Antibacterial action of essential oils of Artemisia as an ecological factor. I. Antibacterial action of the volatile oils of Artemisia tridentata and Artemisia nova on aerobic bacteria. Applied microbiology, 15(4), 819–821. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC547073/

Natural Medicines Database. (2019). Yarrow. Retrieved from  https://naturalmedicines.therapeuticresearch.com/databases/food,-herbs-supplements/professional.aspx?productid=151

Neustadt, D. (2008). Cayenne Pepper Hot Pain Relief. NBI Health, Retrieved from: https://nbihealth.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/Cayenne-Pepper-Pain-Relief.pdf

Pu, X., Lam, L., Gehlken, K., Ulappa, A., Rachlow, J., & Forbey, J. (2015). Antioxidant capacity of wyoming big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata) varies spatially and is not related to the presence of a sagebrush dietary specialist. Western North American Naturalist, 75(1). Retrieved from https://scholarworks.boisestate.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?referer=https://www.google.com/&httpsredir=1&article=1430&context=bio_facpubs

Pumpa, K., Fallon, K., Bensoussan, A., & Papalia, S. (2014). The effects of topical Arnica on performance, pain and muscle damage after intense eccentric exercise. European Journal of Sport Science, 14:3, 294-300, DOI:10.1080/17461391.2013.829126

Rusinowska, R. & Śmigielski, K. (2014). Composition, biological properties and therapeutic effects of lavender (Lavandula angustifolia L.): A review. Herba Polonica, 60(2), 56-66. DOI:10.2478/hepo-2014-0010

Stillpoint Aromatics. (2015).  Big sagebrush essential oil; Rosemary essential oil; . Retrieved rom: https://www.stillpointaromatics.com/sage-brush-essential-oil-artemesia-tridentata

Uritu, C., Mihai, C., Stanciu, G., Dodi, G., Alexa-Stratulat, T., Luca, A., … & Tamba, B. (2018). Medicinal plants of the family lamiaceae in pain therapy: A Review. Pain Research & Management, 2018. DOI:10.1155/2018/7801543

Please consult your doctor, especially if being used during pregnancy, before using our products. 

Since we have full creative freedom to personalize the environment of our homes, we can choose to set the atmosphere of our lives.

When we want to feel healthier, we immediately want to think of hydration, food, and exercise. While I will never dispute these intrinsically important elements of health, I think it is important we search (our homes, work, behaviors, and habits) for areas that are subject to toxicity. Sometimes, we are just unsure about where to look.

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these small hacks can help detox your routine in a big way

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1. Eat foods we were designed to eat, which is not necessarily foods we want to eat.

2. Eat raw a couple of days a week or just skip meat a couple of days a week.

3. Feeling like you a need a body restart? Try a detox. We have created our own based off of current research, experience, and academia. We call it the “Combination Detox” and you can learn more here.

4. Try switching to green (matcha), black, white, yerba mate or oolong tea rather than coffee or energy beverages for cleaner feeling energy. Try switching to loose leaf or high-quality herbal teas instead of sodas, sugar-dense electrolyte drinks for a health boost (see our favorite local tea shops).

5. Move your body, every day. Doesn’t matter what time of day, or what sort activity, but get out there. Use Tahoe as an excuse to explore, hike, bike, and romp around. Even if you are local, there are still places out there you have never seen, go see them! Try stretching first or advance into some yoga classes. (yoga studios we love).

6. Try a new sport or hobby every month to stay active, learn something new, and challenge your body (and mind). There are plenty of places to rent mountain bikes, paddleboards, climbing gear, or try wakesufing, backpacking, camping, hiking, or biking.

7. Substitute chemical products with plant-based products, not only are they generally a lot more gentle for the air, surfaces, and your skin, but (depending on the source) they can come packed with benefits.

8. Turn off the TV and/or social media for a week, a month, a day even. This will give you more time to start a new hobby or complete the other things on this list!

9. Rather than spending time on the newest show on Netflix or taking personality quizzes on Facebook, listen to audiobooks and podcasts to get your knowledge growing (we have a list of them we think are pretty special

10. Integrate a morning routine, is it that you drink a glass of water or stretch as the first thing you do to greet your day? Or is it making a to-do list while sipping coffee? Whatever it is, you can find time for things you have been meaning to do, if you take some time to write out and organize your am/pm routines.